PCB price is composed of the following factors

PCB price is composed of the following factors

1. Different materials used in PCB cause price diversity

Taking ordinary double-sided boards as an example, the sheet materials generally include FR4, CEM3, etc., the sheet thickness ranges from 0.6mm to 3.0mm, and the copper thickness varies from ½ Oz to 3 Oz. All of these have caused huge prices on the sheet material. Differences: In terms of solder mask inks, there is also a certain price difference between ordinary thermosetting oil and photosensitive green oil, so the difference in materials has caused the price diversity.

2. The difference in the production process used by PCB causes the diversity of prices

Different production processes will cause different costs. For example, gold-plated boards and tin-sprayed boards, the production of gongs (milling) boards and beer (punching) boards, and the use of silk-printed lines and dry film lines will cause different costs, resulting in a variety of prices.

3. The price diversity caused by the difficulty of PCB itself

Even if the material is the same and the process is the same, the difficulty of the PCB itself will cause different costs. For example, there are 1000 holes on two kinds of circuit boards, and the hole diameter of one board is larger than 0.6mm and the hole diameter of the other board is smaller than 0.6mm, which will result in different drilling costs; for example, the other two kinds of circuit boards are the same, but the line width and line spacing are the same. Different, one is greater than 0.2mm, and the other is less than 0.2mm, which will also cause different production costs, because the difficult board has a higher scrap rate, which will inevitably increase the cost, and thus cause the price diversity.

4. Different customer requirements will also cause different prices

The level of customer requirements will directly affect the production rate of the board factory. For example, a board according to IPCA600E, class1 requires a 98% pass rate, but according to class3 requirements, it may only have a pass rate of 90%, which results in different costs for the board factory, and finally leads to the product The price changes.

5. Price diversity caused by different PCB manufacturers

Even for the same product, because different manufacturers have different process equipment and technical levels, different costs will be formed. Nowadays, many manufacturers like to produce gold-plated plates because of the simple process and low cost. However, some manufacturers produce gold-plated plates, and the scrap will increase. As a result of increased costs, they would rather produce tin-sprayed panels, so their quotation for tin-sprayed panels is lower than that of gold-plated panels.

6. The price difference caused by different payment methods

At present, PCB board manufacturers generally adjust PCB prices according to different payment methods, ranging from 5% to 10%, which also causes price differences. You can visit IPCB, a circuit board factory.

7. Different regions cause price diversity

At present, in terms of geographic location in China, from south to north, prices are increasing. There are certain differences in prices in different regions. Therefore, different regions also cause price diversification.

How to calculate PCB quotation?

1. Plate cost (different plate cost is different)

2. Drilling costs (the number of holes and the size of the aperture affect the drilling costs)

3. Process cost (different process requirements of the board lead to different process difficulties, and even prices will vary)

4. Artificial water and electricity plus management costs (this cost depends on the cost control of each factory, relatively speaking, Taiwan-funded factories are lower in many countries)

That's the basic composition. As for the prices of raw materials, they have basically stabilized and there is little possibility of price increases.

Let me add another supplement. As far as the plate is concerned, the price is mainly affected by the following points:

1. Plate material: FR4, CEM3, these are our common double-sided and multi-layer plates, and their price is also related to the thickness of the plate and the thickness of copper and platinum in the middle of the plate, while FRI and CEM1 are our common single-board materials The price of this material is also very different from the above double-sided, multi-layer board.

2. It is the thickness of the sheet, and its common thickness is 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 3.0, 3.4, and the thickness and price of our conventional plates are not very different.

3. The thickness of copper and platinum will affect the price. The thickness of copper and platinum is generally divided into: 18 (2/1OZ), 35 (1OZ) 70 (2OZ), 105 (3OZ), 140 (4OZ) and so on.

4. The suppliers of raw materials, which are common and commonly used are: Shengyi, Jiantao, International and so on.

PCB Fabrication cost:

1. It depends on the circuit on the PCB. If the wire density is thin (below 4/4mm), the price will be calculated separately.

2. There is also a BGA on the board, so the cost will increase relatively, and in some places, the BGA is another one.

3. It depends on the surface treatment process. Our common ones are: spraying lead tin (hot air leveling), OSP (environmental protection board), spraying pure tin, tin, silver, gold, etc. Of course, the surface technology is different. The price will also be different.

4. It also depends on the process standard; what we commonly use is: IPC2, but the requirements of customers will be higher. (such as Japanese) Our common ones are: IPC2, IPC3, enterprise standard, military standard, etc., of course, the higher the standard , The price will be higher.

Every PCB sold in the PCB industry is customized by customers. Therefore, the quotation of the PCB board needs to be cost-calculated first. At the same time, it also needs to refer to the automatic layout calculation of the PCB computer, and the material utilization rate of the layout on the standard size copper clad laminate is determined. Comprehensive quotation. The cost calculation of the PCB industry is the most special and complex of all industries. From cutting, pressing, forming, to FQC, packaging, and finished storage, it needs to be based on the material costs, labor costs, and manufacturing costs invested in each process. Perform step-by-step accounting, and then accumulate costs in batches based on the order product number.

And for different types of products, the standard rate of the process will be different. For some products such as blind and buried vias, immersion gold boards, and pressed copper seat boards, some special calculation methods must be adopted due to the particularity of the process or all materials. In the same way, the size of the drill nozzle used in the drilling process will also affect the cost of the product, which directly affects the calculation and evaluation of WIP costs and scrap costs. In addition, PCB factories are all products manufactured by OEM customers, and the products customized by different customers are not the same, and there are few shared products. On the other hand, due to quality considerations, some customers may also specify the use of substrates or inks from a certain manufacturer to meet their quality and cost control requirements.