PCB Tech - What aspects should be paid attention to in the PCB design and wiring process?

What aspects should be paid attention to in the PCB design and wiring process?
In the PCB design process, there are three types of wiring:
The first is the distribution, the second is the satisfaction of the electrical performance, and then the aesthetics.
When wiring, CAM foundry Youke board is mainly carried out according to the following principles
1. . Under normal circumstances, the power line and ground line should be wired first to ensure the electrical performance of the circuit board. Within the range allowed by conditions, try to widen the width of the power and ground lines, preferably the ground line is wider than the power line, their relationship is: ground line>power line>signal line, usually signal line width: 0.2 ~ 0.3mm, The smallest width can reach 0.05～0.07mm, and the power cord is generally 1.2～2.5mm. For the digital circuit PCB, a wide ground wire can be used to form a loop, which constitutes a ground net to use (the ground of the analog circuit cannot be used in this way)

2. . Wire the lines with strict requirements (such as high-frequency lines) in advance, and the edge lines of the input end and the output end should be avoided adjacent to parallel to avoid reflection interference. If necessary, ground wire should be added for isolation, and the wiring of two adjacent layers should be perpendicular to each other. Parasitic coupling is easy to occur in parallel.
3. .  The housing of the oscillator is grounded, and the clock wire should be as short as possible and not be led everywhere. Under the clock oscillation circuit, the area of the special high-speed logic circuit should be enlarged, and other signal lines should not be used to make the surrounding electric field approach zero;
4. . Use 45o polyline wiring as much as possible, and 90o polyline should not be used to reduce the radiation of high-frequency signals; (highly demanding lines should also use double-curved lines)

5. . Do not form a loop on any signal line. If it is unavoidable, the loop should be as small as possible; the signal line’s vias should be as few as possible
6. . The key line should be as short and thick as possible, and protective ground should be added on both sides.
7. . When transmitting sensitive signals and noisy field band signals through flat cables, they should be led out in the way of "ground wire-signal-ground wire".
8. . Test points should be reserved for key signals to facilitate production and maintenance. After the inspection and DRC check are correct, the unwiring area is filled with ground wires, and a large area of copper layer is used as the ground wire, which is not used on the printed board. Connected to the ground as a ground wire in all places. Or it can be made into a multilayer board, and the power supply and ground wires occupy one layer each.
Wiring should be neat and uniform, not crisscross and out of order, to facilitate testing and maintenance.
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