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The PCB is made of different components and a variety of complex technological processes, among which the structure of the PCB circuit board has a single-layer, double-layer, and multi-layer structure, and the production methods of different hierarchical structures are different. This article will introduce in detail: the component names and corresponding uses of PCB circuit boards, as well as the production of single-layer, double-layer, and multi-layer PCB s and the main functions of various types of work levels.
1. The printed circuit board is mainly composed of pads, vias, mounting holes, wires, components, connectors, filling, electrical boundaries, etc. The main functions of each component are as follows:
Pad: A metal hole used to solder the pins of components.
Via: A metal hole used to connect the pins of components between layers.
Mounting hole: used to fix the printed circuit board.
Wire: The copper film of the electrical network used to connect the pins of the components.
Connectors: used to connect components between circuit boards.
Filling: used for copper coating of the ground wire network, which can effectively reduce the impedance.
Electrical boundary: used to determine the size of the circuit board, all components on the circuit board cannot exceed the boundary.
2. The common layer structures of printed circuit boards include single layer PCB (Single Layer PCB), double layer PCB (Double Layer PCB) and multi-layer PCB (Multi Layer PCB). A brief description of these three layer structures is as follows :
(1) Single-layer board: A circuit board with only one side coated with copper and no copper coated on the other side. Usually components are placed on the side without copper, and the side with copper is mainly used for wiring and soldering.
(2) Double-layer board: a circuit board with copper on both sides, usually called the top layer on one side and the bottom layer on the other side. Generally, the top layer is used as the surface for placing components, and the bottom layer is used as the welding surface for components.
(3) Multilayer board: a circuit board that contains multiple working layers. In addition to the top and bottom layers, it also contains several intermediate layers. Usually the intermediate layers can be used as wire layers, signal layers, power layers, ground layers, etc. The layers are insulated from each other, and the connection between the layers is usually achieved through vias.
3. The printed circuit board includes many types of working layers, such as signal layer, protective layer, silk screen layer, internal layer, etc. The functions of each layer are briefly introduced as follows:
(1) Signal layer: Mainly used to place components or wiring. Protel DXP usually contains 30 middle layers, namely Mid Layer1~Mid Layer30. The middle layer is used to arrange signal lines, and the top and bottom layers are used to place components or deposit copper.
(2) Protective layer: It is mainly used to ensure that the parts of the circuit board that do not need to be tinned are not tinned, so as to ensure the reliability of the operation of the circuit board. Among them, Top Paste and Bottom Paste are the top solder mask and the bottom solder mask respectively; Top Solder and Bottom Solder are the solder paste protection layer and the bottom solder paste protection layer, respectively. (3) Silk screen layer: Mainly used to print the serial number, production number, company name, etc. of the components on the printed circuit board.
(4) Internal layer: Mainly used as signal wiring layer. Protel DXP contains 16 internal layers. (5) Other layers: mainly include 4 types of layers.
(5) Other layers: mainly include 4 types of layers.
Drill Guide (drilling direction layer): Mainly used for the position of drilling holes on the PCB circuit board.
The PCB is made of different components and a variety of complex technological processes, among which the structure of the PCB circuit board has a single-layer, double-layer, and multi-layer structure, and the production methods of different hierarchical structures are different. This article will introduce in detail: the component names and corresponding uses of PCB circuit boards, as well as the production of single-layer, double-layer, and multi-layer PCBs and the main functions of various types of work levels.
1. The printed circuit board is mainly composed of pads, vias, mounting holes, wires, components, connectors, filling, electrical boundaries, etc. The main functions of each component are as follows:
Pad: A metal hole used to solder the pins of components.
Via: A metal hole used to connect the pins of components between layers.
Mounting hole: used to fix the printed circuit board.
Wire: The copper film of the electrical network used to connect the pins of the components.
Connectors: used to connect components between circuit boards.
Filling: used for copper coating of the ground wire network, which can effectively reduce the impedance.
Electrical boundary: used to determine the size of the circuit board, all components on the circuit board cannot exceed the boundary.
2. The common layer structures of printed circuit boards include single layer PCB (Single Layer PCB), double layer PCB (Double Layer PCB) and multi-layer PCB (Multi Layer PCB). A brief description of these three layer structures is as follows :
(1) Single-layer board: A circuit board with only one side coated with copper and no copper coated on the other side. Usually components are placed on the side without copper, and the side with copper is mainly used for wiring and soldering.
(2) Double-layer board: a circuit board with copper on both sides, usually called the top layer on one side and the bottom layer on the other side. Generally, the top layer is used as the surface for placing components, and the bottom layer is used as the welding surface for components.
(3) Multilayer board: a circuit board that contains multiple working layers. In addition to the top and bottom layers, it also contains several intermediate layers. Usually the intermediate layers can be used as wire layers, signal layers, power layers, ground layers, etc. The layers are insulated from each other, and the connection between the layers is usually achieved through vias.
3. The printed circuit board includes many types of working layers, such as signal layer, protective layer, silk screen layer, internal layer, etc. The functions of each layer are briefly introduced as follows:
(1) Signal layer: Mainly used to place components or wiring. Protel DXP usually contains 30 middle layers, namely Mid Layer1~Mid Layer30. The middle layer is used to arrange signal lines, and the top and bottom layers are used to place components or deposit copper.
(2) Protective layer: It is mainly used to ensure that the parts of the circuit board that do not need to be tinned are not tinned, so as to ensure the reliability of the operation of the circuit board. Among them, Top Paste and Bottom Paste are the top solder mask and the bottom solder mask respectively; Top Solder and Bottom Solder are the solder paste protection layer and the bottom solder paste protection layer, respectively. (3) Silk screen layer: Mainly used to print the serial number, production number, company name, etc. of the components on the printed circuit board.
(4) Internal layer: Mainly used as signal wiring layer. Protel DXP contains 16 internal layers. (5) Other layers: mainly include 4 types of layers.
(5) Other layers: mainly include 4 types of layers.
Drill Guide (drilling direction layer): Mainly used for the position of drilling holes on the PCB circuit board.
