PCB Tech - Cleaner production technology in PCB production process

The printed circuit board industry is a pillar industry of China's electronic information industry, and it is also a high-polluting industry. This article mainly describes the comprehensive utilization and management mechanism of printed circuit boards in the production process of printed circuit boards.

PCB is an abbreviation for printed circuit board, which is an abbreviation for assembled electronic components. Its main function is to connect various electronic components to a predetermined circuit for relay transmission. The key electronic components of electronic products are called the mother of electronic products. As the substrate and key interconnection of electronic parts, printed circuit boards need to be equipped with any electronic equipment or products. The downstream industry covers a wide range, involving general consumer electronics, information dissemination, medical and even space technology products. With the development of science and technology, the demand for electronic information processing of various products is gradually increasing, and the use and market of PCB products are also expanding. It is an active industry in the contemporary electronic components industry. In the past ten years, with the rapid development of the electronic information industry, China's PCB industry has developed. The Secretary of CPCA introduced the development of PCB industry in Mainland China at the 11th World Electronic Circuit Conference (WeCC11) held in Shanghai in March 2008. Announced the statistical data of PCB output value in Mainland China. According to this statistics, China's PCB output value reached about 11 billion yuan in 2007 and is expected to reach about 150 billion yuan in 2010. China's PCB industry has become the center of the world's PCB industry, and the PCB industry has become a pillar industry of China's electronic information industry.

The rapid development of the PCB industry has not only brought positive effects on economic development. The production and processing process of printed circuit boards is the use of multiple materials, multiple energy consumption, multiple pollutants, and some toxic and harmful substances. The PCB industry is called a heavy pollution industry. With the improvement of the environmental awareness of enterprises and governments, the pollution situation of the PCB industry has improved, but the growth of the PCB industry has caused the total amount of pollution in the entire PCB industry to remain large.

In recent years, scientific circles at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the clean production of PCBs in China. This article mainly introduces the clean production technology used in the entire PCB production process. Describes the production process of product design materials, the comprehensive utilization of equipment resources and energy, and mechanism management. In order to enable corporate researchers and policy makers to grasp relevant information, continue to promote the clean production technology of China's PCB industry.

The green design of the printed circuit board.

Green design (green design). Eco-design, also known as eco-design, environment-oriented design (environment-oriented design), etc. It refers to the use of various product-related information (technical information environment coordination information), parallel design and other advanced design theories in the product life cycle. The product has good environmental coordination and reasonable economic design methods. Printed circuit boards need to comprehensively consider the natural environment and social environment of the product before production, and analyze the entire life cycle of the product. Design green products that meet environmental requirements to meet the needs of the market and users. At present, the green design of printed circuit boards mainly includes: taking measures, such as dismantling waste products, to improve the recycling rate of waste products. In order to improve the recycling rate of packaging, reduce unnecessary packaging, and reduce the generation of waste packaging, choose green materials. Reduce the use of toxic and hazardous substances.. In control products, lead and lead and lead (Pb), cadmium and cadmium compounds (Cd), mercury and mercury compounds (Hg), hexavalent chromium and its compounds (Cr6), bromine Flame retardant

2. Choose clean raw materials.

We know that there are dozens of original and auxiliary materials involved in the PCB production process, including substances and internationally banned materials. This article mainly introduces the substitution of substrate materials and chemical raw materials in the production process of printed circuit boards.

2.1 Clean the substrate material.

The printed circuit board is the first important basic raw material in the entire PCB manufacturing material. It is responsible for the conductive insulation of the PCB to support three functions. PCB performance, quality, manufacturing cost and long-term reliability. This largely depends on the substrate material used. One of the main types of PCB substrate materials is copper overlay. A plate-shaped material covered with copper foil is called a copper-clad laminate, which is called a copper-clad laminate. At present, the widely used PCB is the choice of metal plating and etching imaging for through-hole processing on the substrate material-copper plate. Obtain the required single-sided or double-sided circuit pattern substrate. Generally, the multilayer board is also based on the core thin copper plate as the basic material, and the conductor material (copper foil) is used as the surface layer and the semi-cured film is alternately stacked together. A PCB with more than three conductive pattern layers connected through lamination processing.

Clean chemical materials 2.2.

A variety of chemical substances should be used in the production of printed circuit boards. Most chemical substances have varying degrees of invasiveness or toxicity. Some of them have been included in the restricted or prohibited list, such as the fluoride lead compound formaldehyde. These restricted chemicals have been proven to be pollutants harmful to the environment and human health. Some progress has been made.

3. Clean production process and equipment.

The manufacturing process of printed circuit boards is complicated. If the process problem is solved, the quality of the product is guaranteed, waste is reduced, efficiency is improved, and obstacles to cleaner production are eliminated. The clean production of technical processes mainly focuses on the technical and technological level of the production process and how to prevent pollution. The statistics of the current clean production process and equipment are shown in Table 2.

4. Comprehensive utilization of resources and energy.

The production of printed boards is inseparable from more than five simple single-sided production processes, and no less than 10 double-sided production processes. The multi-layer board has multiple inner layers of graphics, which makes the washing process more. Because the printing board factory is a large water worker, it consumes hundreds of thousands of cubic meters of water every year. The water consumption is large, the wastewater discharge is large, and the wastewater treatment cost is high. Cleaner production should save water. The water-saving method can improve the wet treatment process of the printing plate, such as the addition process, without the need for an etching washing process. There are also improved equipment and facilities, such as clean water, countercurrent washing, cooling water, etc., which may also increase the investment in equipment, and long-term water saving will get a better return.

5. Strengthen environmental management and promote cleaner production.

In order to ensure the effective implementation and implementation of cleaner production, there must be a good mechanism. Cleaner production mechanism has two meanings: one is an external mechanism, and the other is an internal mechanism of the enterprise. This is a small mechanism.

6. End.

As the pillar industry of China's electronic information industry, the PCB industry is also polluted. The PCB industry will develop rapidly in the future. This has led to the contradiction between development and environmental pollution. Not allowing it to develop is not the fundamental way to prevent it from developing. The development of China's electronic information industry is also not conducive to the development of China's PCB industry.